Hi,
Basically, the question here matters with the number of transactions involved and the reporting requirement of the business.
You can try out two different ways to handle this situation. Firstly, you can create each different department as a segment, if no new further department is to be added. For such case you can use the Segmented Chart of Account and add a new segment of department which would help you select the relevant segment each time you try to enter a transaction pertaining to a department.
Secondly, you can create each department as a profit centre and based on the profit centre, you can assign a default distribution rule in the Chart of Account for the relevant account. Then your cost centre reports can help you with the reporting purposes.
Bases on your requirement and business needs you can map out your scenario and test the results obtained. You have to give a through testing to find out the solution that fits your question/requirment the most.
Kind Regards,
Jitin
SAP Business One Forum Team